CD14 PAT87H7AT Antibody

CD14, also known as the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor, is a 53-55 kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane glycoprotein. It is prominently expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, and to a lesser extent on neutrophils . CD14 plays a crucial role in the immune system by recognizing and binding to LPS, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, thereby initiating an immune response .

The CD14 Clone PAT87H7AT is a monoclonal antibody derived from the hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human CD14 protein . This clone is specifically designed to target human CD14, making it a valuable tool in immunological research and diagnostics.

CD14 is anchored to the cell membrane via a GPI linkage, which allows it to function as a high-affinity receptor for LPS-LBP (LPS-binding protein) complexes . Additionally, soluble forms of CD14 (sCD14) can also bind to LPS and act as an LPS agonist or antagonist depending on its concentration . CD14 has been shown to bind apoptotic cells, playing a role in the clearance of these cells from the body .

CD14 is highly expressed on monocytes and macrophages, with lower expression levels observed on granulocytes . It is also found on certain dendritic cell populations, including interfollicular dendritic cells, reticular dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells .

The primary function of CD14 is to recognize and bind LPS, facilitating the clearance of Gram-negative pathogens from the body . Upon binding to LPS, CD14 initiates a signaling cascade that results in the upregulation of adhesion molecules and cytokine expression in monocytes and neutrophils . This process is essential for the activation and recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection.

CD14 functions as a co-receptor along with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MD-2 to mediate the immune response to LPS . Upon binding to LPS, CD14 transfers the LPS to the TLR4-MD-2 complex, which then triggers downstream signaling pathways leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines .

The expression and activity of CD14 are regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms . Factors such as cytokines and microbial products can modulate CD14 expression, thereby influencing the immune response .

The CD14 Clone PAT87H7AT antibody is widely used in various applications, including ELISA, Western blot analysis, and flow cytometry . It is essential for studying the role of CD14 in immune responses and for identifying and isolating CD14-expressing cells .