The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and the Flavivirus genus. It is primarily transmitted by daytime-active Aedes mosquitoes, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus . The Zika virus is closely related to other flaviviruses, including dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile viruses . The virus is enveloped and icosahedral, with a nonsegmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome .
Zika fever, caused by the Zika virus, often presents with mild symptoms similar to a mild form of dengue fever. However, it has been linked to severe complications, particularly in pregnant women, where it can cause abnormal brain development in fetuses, leading to conditions such as microcephaly . Additionally, Zika virus infection has been associated with neurologic conditions in adults, including Guillain–Barré syndrome .
The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the Zika virus plays a crucial role in the virus’s life cycle and pathogenicity. NS1 is involved in viral replication and immune evasion. It is secreted from infected cells and is thought to be associated with disease severity . The NS1 protein is also useful for differential diagnoses of Zika virus infections .
The recombinant Zika NS1 protein, derived from Sf9 cells, is a laboratory-produced version of the NS1 protein. Sf9 cells are derived from the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and are commonly used in baculovirus expression systems for producing recombinant proteins . The Zika NS1 protein is fused to a 6xHis tag, which facilitates its purification using chromatographic techniques .
The recombinant Zika NS1 protein is produced using baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells. The protein is expressed with a 6xHis tag, which allows for its purification through affinity chromatography . The purified protein is then formulated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with a pH of 7.4 and 0.09% sodium azide (NaN3) to ensure stability . The protein is sterile-filtered and stored at temperatures below -18°C to maintain its stability and prevent freeze-thaw cycles .
The recombinant Zika NS1 protein is used primarily for laboratory research purposes. It is not intended for use as a drug, agricultural or pesticidal product, food additive, or household chemical . The protein is stable at 4°C for up to one week but should be stored below -18°C for long-term stability . The purity of the recombinant Zika NS1 protein is greater than 85%, as determined by SDS-PAGE .