RARRES2 Human
Chemerin, TIG2, Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 2, RAR-responsive protein TIG2, RARRES2, HP10433.
Description
Product Specs
RARRES2, also known as Chemerin, is a protein that plays a role in immune response and metabolism. It acts as a chemoattractant, guiding immune cells like dendritic cells and macrophages to sites of inflammation. RARRES2 exists as a precursor that needs to be activated by enzymatic cleavage. Once activated, it binds to its receptor, ChemR23, initiating signaling pathways involved in adipocyte differentiation and function. Interestingly, the Chemerin receptor can also interact with certain viruses like SIV and HIV-1.
Chemerin, TIG2, Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 2, RAR-responsive protein TIG2, RARRES2, HP10433.
Product Science Overview
RARRES2 encodes a secreted chemotactic protein that plays a significant role in initiating chemotaxis via the ChemR23 G protein-coupled seven-transmembrane domain ligand . The expression of this gene is upregulated by the synthetic retinoid tazarotene and occurs in a wide variety of tissues . The protein has several roles, including functioning as an adipokine and an antimicrobial protein with activity against bacteria and fungi .
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Adipogenesis and Metabolism: RARRES2 is an adipocyte-secreted protein (adipokine) that regulates adipogenesis, metabolism, and inflammation through activation of the chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) . It positively regulates adipocyte differentiation and modulates the expression of adipocyte genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism .
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Inflammation: RARRES2 acts as a pro-inflammatory adipokine, causing an increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory and pro-diabetic adipokines . This further impairs adipose tissue metabolic function and has negative systemic effects, including impaired insulin sensitivity, altered glucose and lipid metabolism, and decreased vascular function in other tissues .
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Antimicrobial Activity: The protein also exhibits antimicrobial properties, providing activity against bacteria and fungi .
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Angiogenesis: Recently, a novel role for chemerin as a stimulator of angiogenesis was identified . This process is essential for the expansion of white adipose tissue .
The expression profile of the RARRES2 gene has been studied in various tissues, including liver, lung, adipose tissue, ovary, pancreas, heart, hypothalamus, and pituitary tissues . The gene’s evolution fits the hypothesis of purifying selection, and its expression profiles are similar in baboons and chimpanzees .
