PTX3 Human, HEK

PTX3 is a glycosylated protein composed of 364 amino acids, with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa . It is produced and released by various cell types, including mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, in response to inflammatory signals such as toll-like receptor (TLR) engagement, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) .

The recombinant form of PTX3, expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, is used in various research applications. This recombinant protein is typically produced as a lyophilized powder and is highly purified, with a purity level of ≥95% .

PTX3 serves as an acute phase response protein, with its blood levels increasing rapidly and significantly during inflammatory and infectious conditions. Under normal conditions, PTX3 levels are low (about 2 ng/mL in humans), but they can rise dramatically (up to 800 ng/mL) during events such as endotoxic shock and sepsis .

The primary functions of PTX3 include:

1. Innate Immunity: PTX3 acts as a pattern recognition molecule, binding to pathogens and facilitating their clearance by the immune system .
2. Inflammation: It modulates the inflammatory response by interacting with various components of the immune system .
3. Tissue Repair: PTX3 plays a role in tissue remodeling and repair processes .
4. Cardiovascular Health: PTX3 has been identified as a potential biomarker for inflammatory cardiovascular diseases .

Recombinant PTX3 is widely used in research to study its role in various physiological and pathological processes. It is also being investigated as a potential therapeutic target for conditions involving excessive inflammation and immune dysregulation .