PPM1A Human

PPM1A is fused to a 36 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques . The recombinant protein is typically formulated in a solution containing 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 50 mM NaCl, 2 mM DTT, 1 mM MnCl2, and 20% glycerol . It is essential to store the protein at 4°C if it will be used within 2-4 weeks, or at -20°C for longer periods. For long-term storage, adding a carrier protein such as 0.1% HSA or BSA is recommended to avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles .

PPM1A plays a crucial role in dephosphorylating and negatively regulating the activities of MAP kinases and MAP kinase kinases, which are involved in cell stress response pathways . It has been shown to inhibit the activation of p38 and JNK kinase cascades induced by environmental stresses . Additionally, PPM1A can dephosphorylate cyclin-dependent kinases, suggesting its involvement in cell cycle control .

Overexpression of PPM1A has been reported to activate the expression of the tumor suppressor gene TP53/p53, leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis . This indicates its potential role in tumor suppression and cell cycle regulation.

PPM1A is essential for regulating cellular stress responses in eukaryotes. It is a Mn2± or Mg2±dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase . The enzyme’s activity is defined by its ability to hydrolyze 1 nanomole of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) per minute at pH 7.5 and 37°C .

The PPM1A gene is located on chromosome 14 in humans and encodes the protein phosphatase 1A . The gene is expressed in various tissues, including the cytoplasm, membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleus, and cytosol . It is involved in several biological processes, such as the cellular response to transforming growth factor-beta stimulus, peptidyl-threonine dephosphorylation, and negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II .

Recombinant PPM1A is widely used in laboratory research to study its role in cell stress response pathways, cell cycle control, and tumor suppression. It is also utilized in various biochemical assays to understand its enzymatic activity and regulatory mechanisms.