Introduction
CCL23 (MIP-3) is a chemokine that binds to the CCR1 receptor. The gene for CCL23 is located on chromosome 17q, in a region that contains a cluster of CC chemokine genes. MIP-3 can attract monocytes, resting T lymphocytes, and neutrophils but not activated lymphocytes. It has also been shown to inhibit colony formation by immature myeloid progenitors from bone marrow. MIP-3 is primarily expressed in the lung and liver but can also be found in bone marrow, placenta, and some myeloid cell lines. Two isoforms of MIP-3 are produced through alternative splicing of the CCL23 gene, resulting in a short (CK8) and a long (CK81) isoform. The CK8 cDNA encodes a 120-amino acid precursor protein that contains a putative 21 amino acid signal peptide. Cleavage of this signal peptide generates a mature 99 amino acid CK8 protein (amino acids 22-120). Further N-terminal processing can produce a 75-amino acid CK8 protein (amino acids 46-120) which is significantly more active than the 99-amino acid variant. MIP-3 may contribute to the progression of certain cancers that overexpress ErbB2 by transactivating ErbB2 tyrosine kinase. MIP-3 might also be involved in angiogenesis by upregulating matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 expression.
Description
Recombinant human MIP-3, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 99 amino acids with a molecular weight of 11.3 kDa. The MIP-3 protein is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
Sterile white lyophilized powder.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 1 mg/ml solution in 20 mM phosphate buffer (PB), pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, and filtered through a 0.2 µm filter.
Solubility
It is recommended to first reconstitute the lyophilized MIP-3 in sterile 18 MΩ-cm H2O to a concentration of no less than 100 µg/ml. The reconstituted solution can then be diluted into other aqueous solutions.
Stability
Lyophilized MIP-3 can be stored at room temperature for 3 weeks but is best stored desiccated below -18°C. Reconstituted CCL23 should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days or at -18°C for longer-term storage. Adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is recommended for long-term storage. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
Greater than 97.0% pure as determined by: (a) RP-HPLC analysis and (b) SDS-PAGE analysis.
Biological Activity
The biological activity is determined based on the ability to chemoattract human T cells. The activity is measured using a concentration range of 10-50 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 20,000-100,000 IU/mg.
Synonyms
C-C motif chemokine 23, Small-inducible cytokine A23, Macrophage inflammatory protein 3, Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 1, CK-beta-8, MIP-3, MPIF-1, CKB-8, CCL23, MIP3, MPIF1, SCYA23, CKb8, Ckb-8-1.
Amino Acid Sequence
RVTKDAETEF MMSKLPLENP VLLDRFHATS ADCCISYTPR SIPCSLLESYFETNSECSKP GVIFLTKKGR RFCANPSDKQ VQVCMRMLKL DTRIKTRKN.