HIV-1 gp41 16kDa

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a type of virus known as a retrovirus. It weakens the body's defense system, the immune system, making individuals vulnerable to infections and illnesses that typically wouldn't affect healthy individuals. HIV specifically targets and infects crucial immune cells, including helper T cells (particularly CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. This infection results in a decline of CD4+ T cells through various mechanisms: direct destruction by the virus, accelerated cell death (apoptosis) in infected cells, and elimination of infected CD4+ T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that identify infected cells. When CD4+ T cell counts drop significantly, the body's ability to fight off infections becomes compromised, leading to a heightened susceptibility to opportunistic infections. HIV is categorized under the genus Lentivirus, belonging to the Retroviridae family. Lentiviruses share common characteristics in terms of their structure and biological behavior. These viruses typically cause prolonged illnesses with extended periods before symptoms appear. Transmission occurs through single-stranded, positive-sense, enveloped RNA. Upon entering a host cell, the viral RNA genome is reverse transcribed into double-stranded DNA using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which is carried within the virus itself. This viral DNA is then incorporated into the host cell's DNA using another virally encoded enzyme, integrase, enabling the viral genome to be transcribed. Once integrated, the virus can either remain dormant (latent) within the cell, allowing the cell to function normally, or it can become active and replicate, producing numerous viral particles that can then infect other cells.

Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder (freeze-dried).

Lyophilized from a 1mg/ml solution in 20mM Na-carbonate, pH 9.6.

It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized HIV-1 gp41 in sterile 18M-cm H₂O to a concentration of at least 100µg/ml. This solution can be further diluted into other aqueous solutions.

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis.

Escherichia Coli.