GSTT1 Human

Glutathione S-Transferase Theta-1 (GSTT1) is an enzyme encoded by the GSTT1 gene in humans. This enzyme belongs to the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family, which plays a crucial role in the detoxification process by catalyzing the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a variety of hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds .

The GSTT1 gene is located on chromosome 22q11.23 and spans approximately 8092 base pairs. It contains five exons and four introns . The gene encodes a protein consisting of 240 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa . The GSTT1 protein is primarily expressed in the liver .

GSTT1 is involved in the detoxification of endogenous and exogenous compounds. It catalyzes the conjugation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to various substrates, facilitating their solubility and excretion from the body . This process is essential for the metabolism of xenobiotics and protection against oxidative stress .

Recombinant human GSTT1 is produced using Escherichia coli expression systems. The recombinant protein is typically purified to a high degree of purity (>95%) and is suitable for various biochemical assays, including SDS-PAGE . The recombinant form retains the enzymatic activity of the native protein, making it valuable for research and industrial applications .

Mutations or deletions in the GSTT1 gene have been associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, including lung, head, and neck cancers . The enzyme’s role in detoxification and xenobiotic metabolism suggests that variations in GSTT1 activity may influence individual susceptibility to environmental toxins and carcinogens .

Recombinant GSTT1 is widely used in research to study the enzyme’s structure, function, and role in disease. It is also employed in drug development and toxicology studies to evaluate the metabolism and detoxification of new compounds .