GPNMB Human, HEK

Glycoprotein Nmb Human Recombinant, HEK
Cat. No.
BT11940
Source
HEK 293.
Synonyms
Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB, Transmembrane glycoprotein HGFIN, GPNMB, HGFIN, NMB.
Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

GPNMB Human Recombinant produced in HEK cells is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain (a.a 22-486) containing a total of 477 amino acids, having a molecular mass of 53.7kDa (calculated), though it migrates at approximately 97kDa on SDS PAGE, the GPNMB is fused to a 2 a.a C-terminal linker and a 10 a.a His tag at C-Terminus.
The Human GPNMB is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Glycoprotein Nmb (GPNMB), a member of the PMEL/NMB family, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein similar to the pMEL17 precursor, a protein found in melanocytes. GPNMB is present in low-metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts but absent in highly metastatic ones, suggesting a role in limiting growth and metastasis. Elevated GPNMB levels are observed in various cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme. It is expressed in many melanoma cells, tissue macrophages (like liver Kuppfer cells and lung alveolar macrophages), podocytes, and some cells within the eye's ciliary body. GPNMB is barely detectable in a healthy brain.
Description
Recombinant Human GPNMB, produced in HEK cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (amino acids 22-486) with a total of 477 amino acids. It has a calculated molecular mass of 53.7kDa but appears at approximately 97kDa on SDS-PAGE due to glycosylation. The protein consists of the GPNMB sequence fused to a 2-amino acid C-terminal linker and a 10-amino acid His tag at the C-terminus. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
White powder, lyophilized and sterile-filtered.
Formulation
The product is lyophilized from a 0.5 mg/mL solution in 0.05 M phosphate buffer with 0.075 M NaCl, at pH 7.4. It is then sterile-filtered through a 0.4 μm filter.
Solubility
To prepare a working solution, add deionized water to achieve a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Allow the lyophilized pellet to dissolve completely. Note: This product is not sterile. Filter it through an appropriate sterile filter before use in cell culture.
Stability
Store the lyophilized protein at -20°C. After reconstitution, aliquot the product to avoid repeated freezing and thawing cycles. The reconstituted protein remains stable at 4°C for a limited period.
Purity
Purity is determined to be greater than 95.0% by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms
Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB, Transmembrane glycoprotein HGFIN, GPNMB, HGFIN, NMB.
Source
HEK 293.
Amino Acid Sequence
AKRFHDVLGN ERPSAYMREH NQLNGWSSDE NDWNEKLYPV WKRGDMRWKN SWKGGRVQAV LTSDSPALVG SNITFAVNLI FPRCQKEDAN GNIVYEKNCR NEAGLSADPY VYNWTAWSED SDGENGTGQS HHNVFPDGKP FPHHPGWRRW NFIYVFHTLG QYFQKLGRCS VRVSVNTANV TLGPQLMEVT VYRRHGRAYV PIAQVKDVYV VTDQIPVFVT MFQKNDRNSS DETFLKDLPI MFDVLIHDPS HFLNYSTINY KWSFGDNTGL FVSTNHTVNH TYVLNGTFSL NLTVKAAAPG PCPPPPPPPR PSKPTPSLAT TLKSYDSNTP GPAGDNPLEL SRIPDENCQI NRYGHFQATI TIVEGILEVN IIQMTDVLMP VPWPESSLID FVVTCQGSIP TEVCTIISDP TCEITQNTVC SPVDVDEMCL LTVRRTFNGS GTYCVNLTLG DDTSLALTST LISVP KLHHH HHHHHHH.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Glycoprotein Nmb (GPNMB), also known as osteoactivin, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein. It is involved in various cellular functions, including cell migration, proliferation, invasion, adhesion, and differentiation . GPNMB is expressed in a variety of cell types, including melanocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and dendritic cells . It is also overexpressed in various cancer types .

Structure and Expression

GPNMB is a human fragment protein expressed in HEK 293 cells. The recombinant form of GPNMB typically includes a His tag at the C-terminus for purification purposes . The protein is expressed in the 22 to 486 amino acid range, with a purity greater than 95% and an endotoxin level of less than 1 EU/µg . The molecular mass of the recombinant protein is approximately 55.8 kDa, but it migrates at approximately 70-115 kDa in SDS-PAGE due to glycosylation .

Biological Functions

GPNMB plays a crucial role in bone development by regulating the differentiation and activities of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts . It is also involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and various malignancies . In the context of tumor biology, GPNMB binds to α5β1 fibronectin receptors, promoting tumor invasion and metastasis .

Mechanisms of Action

GPNMB can be stimulated by various cytokines and growth factors, including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-10, and interferon-γ . The release of a soluble GPNMB fragment, cleaved by the metalloproteinase ADAM10, initiates a cascade of interactions with various molecular partners, including tyrosine kinase receptors, integrins, and heparan sulfate proteoglycans . These interactions play a significant role in adaptive immunity and inflammation regulation .

Clinical Relevance

GPNMB is expressed in certain cancers, including melanoma, glioma, and breast cancer cells . Its expression in macrophages negatively regulates inflammation, making it a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases . The protein’s role in promoting tumor invasion and metastasis also makes it a target for cancer therapy .

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