GPNMB Human
Description
GPNMB is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Glycoprotein Nmb (GPNMB), also known as osteoactivin, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein. Initially identified in a melanoma cell line, GPNMB has garnered significant attention due to its diverse roles in various biological processes, including neuroprotection, inflammation modulation, and bone mineralization .
GPNMB is homologous to the pMEL17 precursor, a melanocyte-specific protein . It is expressed in lowly metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts but not in highly metastatic cell lines . The protein is partially localized to the cell surface, and its large N-domain can be released into the extracellular space through ectodomain shedding by ADAM10 .
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Neuroprotection and Inflammation Modulation:
- Neurodegenerative Diseases: GPNMB has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In PD, GPNMB attenuates astrocyte inflammatory responses through the CD44 receptor, reducing levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and inflammatory cytokines . In AD, GPNMB is expressed in a subset of activated microglia and is associated with amyloid plaques, indicating its role in the neuroinflammatory response .
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: GPNMB’s anti-inflammatory properties are mediated through its interaction with the CD44 receptor, which reduces NFκB activation and subsequent inflammatory responses .
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Bone Mineralization:
Recombinant human GPNMB is produced using genetic engineering techniques to express the protein in a host system, such as bacteria or mammalian cells. This recombinant form retains the biological activity of the native protein and is used in various research and therapeutic applications.
Given its diverse roles, GPNMB is being explored as a therapeutic target for several conditions:
