GLP-1 Human (31 a.a.)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a peptide hormone consisting of 30-31 amino acids. It is derived from the tissue-specific post-translational processing of the proglucagon peptide . GLP-1 plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism and has significant therapeutic potential for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity . The human recombinant form of GLP-1 is synthesized to mimic the natural hormone’s effects, providing a valuable tool for research and therapeutic applications.

GLP-1 is produced and secreted by intestinal enteroendocrine L-cells in response to nutrient ingestion . It is also secreted by certain neurons within the nucleus of the solitary tract in the brainstem . The secretion of GLP-1 is stimulated by both nutritional and inflammatory stimuli .

GLP-1 functions as an incretin hormone, enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and inhibiting glucagon release from alpha cells . It also slows gastric emptying, which helps regulate postprandial blood glucose levels . Additionally, GLP-1 has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, protecting cells from damage and apoptosis .

The therapeutic potential of GLP-1 has been recognized in various medical conditions. GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as liraglutide, are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity by improving glycemic control and promoting weight loss . Recent studies have also explored the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in treating headache and pain disorders, highlighting their expanding therapeutic scope .