GDF15 Mouse
Growth and Differentiation factor 15 Mouse Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT18129
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Growth/differentiation factor 15, GDF-15.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
Shipped with Ice Packs 
In Stock 
Description
GDF15 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated
polypeptide chain containing 138 amino acids (189-303 a.a) and having a
molecular mass of 14.9kDa.
GDF15 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus
& purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Introduction
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is a protein belonging to the Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) superfamily. This family plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation and programmed cell death (apoptosis) in response to tissue injury and during disease progression. GDF15 is primarily produced by the liver, and its expression significantly increases upon damage to organs like the liver, kidneys, heart, and lungs. GDF15 exhibits diverse effects on cells, either stimulating proliferation or promoting growth arrest and differentiation, depending on the cell type and its developmental stage. In cerebellar granule neurons, GDF15 has been shown to prevent apoptosis by activating the Akt pathway and suppressing the activity of the ERK pathway. Notably, GDF15 acts as a local and systemic factor that counteracts the heart's thickening response to stress and prevents the decline in the heart's pumping ability.
Description
Recombinant Mouse GDF15, produced in E. coli, is a single-chain polypeptide that lacks glycosylation. It consists of 138 amino acids (spanning positions 189 to 303), resulting in a molecular weight of 14.9 kDa. A 23-amino acid His-tag is attached to the N-terminus of GDF15 to facilitate purification using specialized chromatographic methods.
Physical Appearance
A clear and sterile solution.
Formulation
GDF15 protein solution is provided at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. The solution is buffered with 20mM Phosphate buffer at a pH of 8.0 and contains 10% glycerol.
Stability
For short-term storage (up to 4 weeks), keep at 4°C. For longer storage, freeze at -20°C. Adding a carrier protein like HSA or BSA (0.1%) is recommended for long-term storage. It's important to minimize repeated freezing and thawing.
Purity
The purity is determined to be greater than 90% using SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms
Growth/differentiation factor 15, GDF-15.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSSAHAHPR DSCPLGPGRC CHLETVQATL EDLGWSDWVL SPRQLQLSMC
VGECPHLYRS ANTHAQIKAR LHGLQPDKVP APCCVPSSYT PVVLMHRTDS GVSLQTYDDL VARGCHCA.
Product Science Overview
Gene and Protein Structure
Expression and Regulation
Under normal physiological conditions, GDF-15 is expressed at low levels in most tissues. However, its expression is significantly upregulated in response to various stress conditions, such as tissue injury, inflammation, and cancer . In mice, high levels of GDF-15 are observed in the placenta, bone marrow stroma, liver, and kidney .
Biological Functions
GDF-15 plays a multifaceted role in various biological processes:
- Regulation of Inflammatory Pathways: GDF-15 has been shown to inhibit the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages .
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival: It prevents apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons by activating the Akt pathway and inhibiting the ERK pathway .
- Cell Growth and Differentiation: GDF-15 can promote either proliferation or growth arrest and differentiation, depending on the cellular context .
- Metabolic Regulation: GDF-15 is involved in the regulation of food intake and body weight, particularly under conditions of dietary excess .
Clinical Significance
Due to its diverse roles, GDF-15 has been extensively studied as a biomarker for various pathological conditions, including:
- Cardiovascular Diseases: Elevated levels of GDF-15 are associated with myocardial infarction and heart failure .
- Cancer: GDF-15 is often upregulated in various cancers and is being explored as a target for cancer immunotherapy .
- Metabolic Disorders: Its role in regulating appetite and body weight makes it a potential target for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders .
Recombinant GDF-15
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