GADD45B Human
Description
Product Specs
RVSGMQRLAQ LLGEPAETQG TTEARDLHCL LVTNPHTDAW KSHGLVEVAS YCEESRGNNQ WVPYISLQER.
Product Science Overview
Growth Arrest and DNA-Damage-Inducible Beta (GADD45β) is a protein encoded by the GADD45B gene. It belongs to the GADD45 family, which includes GADD45α and GADD45γ. These proteins are involved in cellular responses to stress, including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. GADD45β is particularly significant due to its role in mediating cellular responses to environmental stresses and its involvement in various diseases, including cancer and neuropsychiatric disorders .
GADD45β plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability. It is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, particularly in response to DNA damage. When cells experience stress or DNA damage, GADD45β is upregulated, leading to cell cycle arrest and allowing time for DNA repair mechanisms to correct any damage. This function is vital for preventing the propagation of mutations that could lead to cancer .
GADD45β exerts its effects through several pathways. One of the primary mechanisms is the activation of the MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) pathway. Specifically, GADD45β can activate the p38 MAPK pathway, which is involved in the cellular response to stress. This activation leads to the phosphorylation of various downstream targets, including transcription factors and other proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis .
GADD45β has been implicated in several diseases. In cancer, GADD45β can act as a tumor suppressor by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage. However, its role can be context-dependent, as it may also contribute to cancer progression in certain contexts by promoting cell survival under stress conditions .
In neuropsychiatric disorders, GADD45β is involved in the regulation of DNA methylation, a process that affects gene expression. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns have been linked to various mental health conditions, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Studies have shown that GADD45β-mediated DNA demethylation is altered in patients with these disorders, suggesting a potential role in their pathophysiology .
