FCGR2A Human

CD32a is a cell surface receptor that binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. This binding triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that lead to the activation of the immune cell. The receptor is encoded by the FCGR2A gene, which is one of the three highly related genes in the FcγRII family, the others being FCGR2B and FCGR2C .

The protein structure of CD32a includes an extracellular domain that binds to IgG, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail that contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). These ITAMs are essential for initiating the signaling pathways that lead to immune cell activation .

Recombinant CD32a is produced using various expression systems, including mammalian cells like HEK293 cells. The recombinant protein is often tagged with a His-tag to facilitate purification and detection. The production process involves cloning the FCGR2A gene into an expression vector, transfecting the host cells, and then purifying the expressed protein using affinity chromatography .

Recombinant CD32a is widely used in research to study immune cell activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and other immune responses. It is also used in the development of therapeutic antibodies and in assays to measure the binding affinity of antibodies to Fc receptors .

CD32a has been implicated in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Its role in the clearance of immune complexes makes it a potential target for therapeutic interventions in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and certain types of cancer .