DPPA3 Human

Developmental Pluripotency Associated 3 Human Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT29979
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Developmental pluripotency-associated protein 3, Stella-related protein, DPPA3, STELLAR, STELLA.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

DPPA3 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 182 amino acids (1-159 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 20.2kDa.
DPPA3 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Developmental Pluripotency Associated 3 (DPPA3), also known as Stella, is a protein found in mammals. In mice, DPPA3 plays a crucial role during early embryonic development, particularly in the period before implantation. It is involved in several cellular processes such as inhibiting gene expression, regulating cell division, and maintaining the ability of cells to become different cell types (pluripotency). Interestingly, in humans, similar genes to DPPA3 are located on chromosomes 14 and X. DPPA3 is highly active in embryonic stem cells, which have the potential to form all adult cell types, and in certain cancer cells. It is also found in lower amounts in tissues like the testis, ovary, and thymus. Notably, DPPA3 shows high activity in testicular germ cell tumors.
Description
This product consists of the human DPPA3 protein, created in a laboratory setting using E. coli bacteria. The protein is a single chain of 182 amino acids (building blocks of proteins) and has a molecular weight of 20.2 kilodaltons. It lacks any sugar modifications (non-glycosylated) and includes a 24 amino acid His-tag attached to its N-terminus for purification purposes. The purification is achieved through specific chromatographic methods.
Physical Appearance
The product appears as a clear and colorless liquid that has been sterilized by filtration.
Formulation
The DPPA3 protein is provided as a solution at a concentration of 1mg/ml. The solution also contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.4M Urea, and 10% glycerol.
Stability
For short-term storage (2-4 weeks), the product can be kept at refrigerated temperature (4°C). For longer periods, storage at -20°C in a frozen state is recommended. Adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is suggested for long-term storage to enhance stability. Repeated freezing and thawing of the product should be minimized.
Purity
The purity of the DPPA3 protein is greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms
Developmental pluripotency-associated protein 3, Stella-related protein, DPPA3, STELLAR, STELLA.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSMDPSQFN PTYIPGSPQM LTEENSRDDS GASQISSETL IKNLSNLTIN ASSESVSPLS EALLRRESVG AAVLREIEDE WLYSRRGVRT LLSVQREKMA RLRYMLLGGV RTHERRPTNK EPKGVKKESR PFKCPCSFCV SNGWDPSENA RIGNQDTKPL QP.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Developmental Pluripotency Associated 3 (DPPA3), also known as Stella or PGC7, is a protein encoded by the DPPA3 gene. This protein plays a crucial role in early embryonic development and is specifically expressed in pre-implantation embryos, embryonic stem cells (ES cells), and primordial germ cells (PGCs) .

Gene and Protein Structure

The DPPA3 gene is located on chromosome 12 in humans . The protein encoded by this gene is involved in several critical biological processes, including the regulation of DNA methylation, which is essential for maintaining the pluripotency of stem cells .

Function and Mechanism

DPPA3 is a maternal factor that plays a significant role during the preimplantation stage of development. It is involved in transcriptional repression, cell division, and the maintenance of cell pluripotentiality . One of its primary functions is to protect the maternal genome from DNA demethylation. This is achieved by binding to histone H3 dimethylated at ‘Lys-9’ (H3K9me2) on the maternal genome, thereby preventing the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and subsequent DNA demethylation .

Biological Significance

DPPA3 is crucial for the epigenetic reprogramming of chromatin in the zygote following fertilization. In zygotes, DNA demethylation occurs selectively in the paternal pronucleus before the first cell division, while the maternal pronucleus and certain paternally-imprinted loci are protected from this process . This selective protection is vital for the proper development of the embryo.

Clinical Relevance

Mutations or dysregulation of the DPPA3 gene can lead to developmental abnormalities and diseases. For instance, diseases associated with DPPA3 include Epidural Spinal Canal Angiolipoma and Angiolipoma . Understanding the function and regulation of DPPA3 can provide insights into the mechanisms of early embryonic development and potential therapeutic targets for related diseases.

Research and Applications

Research on DPPA3 has shown its importance in the self-renewal of embryonic stem cells by stabilizing their pluripotent state . This makes DPPA3 a significant target for studies aimed at understanding stem cell biology and developing regenerative medicine therapies.

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