CoV-2 Spike (300-600)
CoV 2019 Spike Receptor Binding Domain Protein is >90% pure as determined SDS-PAGE.
Description
The E.Coli derived recombinant protein contains the Coronavirus 2019 Spike Receptor Binding Domain (300-600 a.a.) immunodominant region, fused to 6xHis tag at C-terminal
Product Specs
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, designated 2019-nCoV, emerged in Wuhan, China, causing an outbreak of viral pneumonia. This virus was linked to a seafood market in the city.
Genetic analysis revealed that 2019-nCoV shares a high degree of similarity (87%) with a bat-derived SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) previously identified in Zhoushan, eastern China. Notably, 2019-nCoV possesses a similar receptor-binding domain (RBD) structure to SARS-CoV, suggesting a potential to bind to the human ACE2 receptor, despite some amino acid variations.
While bats are considered the likely natural reservoir of 2019-nCoV, an intermediate animal host, possibly present at the seafood market, is suspected to have played a role in its transmission to humans. Research indicates that 2019-nCoV may have arisen from recombination events involving a bat coronavirus and an unidentified coronavirus, particularly in the spike glycoprotein region.
This product consists of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (amino acids 300-600), produced in E. coli. This immunodominant region is fused to a C-terminal 6xHis tag for purification and detection purposes.
The CoV 2019 Spike Receptor Binding Domain Protein is provided at a concentration of 1 mg/ml in a solution of 1x PBS (phosphate-buffered saline).
The CoV 2019 Spike Receptor Binding Domain Protein is shipped with ice packs to maintain its integrity. Upon receipt, it should be stored at a temperature of -20 degrees Celsius.
The purity of the CoV 2019 Spike Receptor Binding Domain Protein is greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Product Science Overview
The Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. A critical component of this virus is its spike (S) protein, which facilitates viral entry into host cells. The spike protein contains a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that specifically interacts with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on human cells. The RBD is a key target for therapeutic interventions and vaccine development due to its crucial role in viral infectivity.
The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is a trimeric class I fusion protein composed of two subunits, S1 and S2. The S1 subunit contains the RBD, which spans approximately 300-600 amino acids (a.a.). This domain is responsible for binding to the ACE2 receptor, initiating the process of viral entry into the host cell .
The RBD undergoes conformational changes to facilitate binding to ACE2. In its “up” conformation, the RBD is accessible for receptor binding, while in the “down” conformation, it is less accessible. This dynamic nature of the RBD is crucial for the virus’s ability to evade the host immune system and enhance infectivity .
Recombinant RBD proteins are produced using various expression systems, such as mammalian cells, insect cells, and yeast. These recombinant proteins are used in research to study the interaction between the spike protein and ACE2, as well as in the development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies .
The recombinant RBD spanning 300-600 a.a. is particularly significant because it includes the critical residues involved in ACE2 binding. This region has been extensively studied to understand the molecular determinants of virus-host interactions and to identify potential targets for neutralizing antibodies .
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Vaccine Development: The RBD is a prime target for vaccine development. Vaccines that elicit an immune response against the RBD can potentially block the virus from binding to ACE2, thereby preventing infection. Several COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, have been designed to induce antibodies against the RBD .
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Therapeutic Antibodies: Monoclonal antibodies targeting the RBD have shown promise in neutralizing the virus. These antibodies can bind to the RBD, preventing it from interacting with ACE2 and thereby inhibiting viral entry into host cells .
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Diagnostic Tools: Recombinant RBD proteins are used in serological assays to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in patient samples. These assays help in understanding the immune response to infection and vaccination .
