CA1 Human

Carbonic anhydrases are characterized by their ability to catalyze the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons:

$$\text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \leftrightarrow \text{HCO}_3^- + \text{H}^+$$

This reaction is crucial for maintaining acid-base balance in tissues and organs .

CA1 is a cytosolic enzyme predominantly found in erythrocytes (red blood cells) and is an early marker for erythroid differentiation . It plays a significant role in the transport of carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs and in the regulation of pH within cells .

Recombinant human CA1 is produced using Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression systems. The recombinant protein typically includes a C-terminal His-tag to facilitate purification . The production process involves cloning the human CA1 gene into an expression vector, transforming E. coli cells with this vector, and inducing protein expression. The recombinant protein is then purified using affinity chromatography techniques .

Recombinant CA1 is used in various research and clinical applications, including:

• Biochemical studies: Understanding the enzyme’s kinetics and mechanism of action.
• Drug development: Screening for inhibitors that can modulate CA1 activity, which is relevant for treating conditions like glaucoma, epilepsy, and certain cancers.
• Diagnostic tools: Developing assays to measure CA1 levels in biological samples .

Recombinant CA1 is typically supplied as a filtered solution in Tris and NaCl. It should be stored at -20 to -70°C to maintain stability and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles .