C5a Human

C5a is a 74 amino acid peptide generated from the cleavage of the complement component C5. This cleavage is mediated by the enzyme C5 convertase during the activation of the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways of the complement system . The cleavage results in two fragments: C5a and C5b. While C5b participates in the formation of the membrane attack complex, C5a acts as a potent anaphylatoxin.

C5a is known for its powerful inflammatory properties. It binds to specific receptors on the surface of immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, leading to a cascade of immune responses. These responses include:

• Chemotaxis: C5a attracts immune cells to the site of infection or injury.
• Activation of Immune Cells: It stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes from immune cells.
• Increased Vascular Permeability: C5a enhances the permeability of blood vessels, allowing immune cells to migrate more easily to the affected area.

Recombinant human C5a is produced using recombinant DNA technology, typically in bacterial systems like E. coli. This method involves inserting the gene encoding human C5a into the bacterial DNA, allowing the bacteria to produce the protein. The recombinant protein is then purified for research or therapeutic use .

Recombinant human C5a is widely used in scientific research to study the complement system and its role in various diseases. It is also being explored for therapeutic applications, particularly in conditions where the complement system is dysregulated, such as autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders.

Recombinant human C5a is typically lyophilized and stored at low temperatures to maintain its stability. It is reconstituted in sterile buffers before use in experiments .