C19ORF80 is expressed in multiple tissues, with notable expression in adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. Its expression is regulated by various physiological conditions, including fasting and feeding, which suggests its role in metabolic homeostasis.
The primary function of C19ORF80 is to regulate lipid metabolism. It promotes the cleavage of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), which in turn regulates serum triglyceride levels . This regulation is crucial for maintaining lipid homeostasis and preventing metabolic disorders such as hypertriglyceridemia.
C19ORF80 exerts its effects by interacting with ANGPTL3, a protein known to inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. By promoting ANGPTL3 cleavage, C19ORF80 indirectly enhances LPL activity, leading to increased triglyceride hydrolysis and reduced serum triglyceride levels.
The expression and activity of C19ORF80 are regulated by various factors, including nutritional status and hormonal signals. For instance, its expression is upregulated during fasting, which aligns with its role in lipid metabolism. Additionally, C19ORF80 is subject to post-translational modifications that modulate its activity and stability.