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Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (BMP-7), also known as Osteogenic Protein-1 (OP-1), is a multifunctional growth factor that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. BMP-7 plays a crucial role in skeletal development, tissue homeostasis, and various biological processes. The recombinant form of BMP-7 produced in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cells is widely used in research and therapeutic applications due to its high purity and bioactivity.
BMP-7 was initially identified for its ability to induce ectopic bone formation when demineralized bone extract was implanted in an extraskeletal site . This osteoinductive property makes BMP-7 a key player in bone and cartilage development. It is involved in the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts and chondrocytes, which are essential for bone and cartilage formation .
Recombinant human BMP-7 is produced in HEK cells, which are mammalian cells that provide the necessary post-translational modifications for proper protein folding and activity. The recombinant protein is a glycosylated, disulfide-linked homodimer with a molecular weight ranging from 30 to 38 kDa due to glycosylation . The production process involves cloning the full-length BMP-7 gene into a suitable expression vector, transfecting HEK cells, and purifying the secreted protein from the conditioned medium using chromatographic techniques .
The biological activity of recombinant BMP-7 is demonstrated through its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells in vitro and to promote ectopic bone formation in vivo . These assays confirm the osteoinductive potential of BMP-7 and its effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration and repair.
BMP-7 has shown promise in various therapeutic applications, particularly in the treatment of bone-related conditions. It is used in clinical settings for spinal fusion, fracture healing, and reconstruction of maxillofacial injuries . Additionally, BMP-7 has emerging potential in the treatment of kidney diseases, as it plays a role in kidney development and repair .