APO D Human, GST

Apo-D binds to various ligands, including cholesterol, progesterone, pregnenolone, bilirubin, and arachidonic acid . This binding capability makes Apo-D a multi-ligand, multi-functional transporter. It can transport ligands from one cell to another within an organ, scavenge ligands within an organ for transport to the blood, or transport ligands from the circulation to specific cells within a tissue .

Apo-D is expressed in numerous tissues, with high levels of expression in the spleen, testes, and brain . It is also present at high concentrations in the cyst fluid of women with gross cystic disease of the breast, a condition associated with an increased risk of breast cancer . Additionally, Apo-D accumulates in regenerating peripheral nerves and in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease .

The recombinant form of Apo-D, tagged with Glutathione S-transferase (GST), is produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques . The GST tag aids in the purification process and enhances the solubility of the protein. The recombinant Apo-D with GST tag shows a 48 kDa band on SDS-PAGE .

Recombinant Apo-D is used in various laboratory research applications, including studies on lipid metabolism, neuroprotection, and protein-ligand interactions. The protein is typically formulated in a solution containing Tris-Acetate, EDTA, and glycerol, and it is recommended to store the vial at -20°C to -80°C for long-term stability .