TPM4 Human
Description
TPM4 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Tropomyosin-4 (TPM4) is a member of the tropomyosin family of actin-binding proteins. These proteins play a crucial role in the contractile system of both striated and smooth muscles, as well as in the cytoskeleton of non-muscle cells . Tropomyosins are dimers of coiled-coil proteins that polymerize end-to-end along the major groove in most actin filaments, providing stability to the filaments and regulating access of other actin-binding proteins .
Tropomyosin-4 binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. In muscle cells, it plays a central role in the calcium-dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction, in association with the troponin complex . In smooth muscle cells, contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon . In non-muscle cells, Tropomyosin-4 is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments .
The TPM4 gene is a protein-coding gene associated with several diseases, including Bleeding Disorder, Platelet-Type, 25, and Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor . The gene is involved in pathways such as signaling by Rho GTPases and the striated muscle contraction pathway . Gene Ontology annotations related to this gene include calcium ion binding and structural constituent of muscle .
Abnormal levels of TPM4 have been found in several cancers, including ovarian cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, keratoacanthoma, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma . TPM4 is considered a potential detecting marker for these cancers . In lung cancer, TPM4 promotes cell migration by modulating F-actin formation . The suppression of TPM4 inhibits cell motility, while its upregulation enhances cell migration .
Research has shown that TPM4 can function as either an oncogene or an anti-oncogene in human cancers . The molecular basis of TPM4’s involvement in cancer progression and metastasis is crucial for the prognosis and therapy of cancer patients . Identifying molecules like TPM4 that promote cancer progression and metastasis is essential for developing targeted therapies .
