TDG Antibody
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. It is involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, which is responsible for correcting DNA base lesions that can lead to mutations. This enzyme is particularly important in the context of G/T mismatches, where thymine is incorrectly paired with guanine.
TDG functions by recognizing and excising thymine residues that are mispaired with guanine. This process involves the hydrolysis of the carbon-nitrogen bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA and the mispaired thymine . In addition to G/T mismatches, TDG can also remove thymine from C/T and T/T mispairings, although with lower activity . Furthermore, TDG is capable of excising uracil and 5-bromouracil from mispairings with guanine .
The enzyme’s activity is not limited to the repair of canonical base damage. TDG also plays a key role in active DNA demethylation. It specifically recognizes and binds to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) in the context of CpG sites and mediates their excision through the BER pathway to install an unmethylated cytosine . This function is essential for the regulation of gene expression and the maintenance of epigenetic marks.
TDG is a member of the TDG/mug DNA glycosylase family and is highly conserved across different species . In humans, the TDG gene is located on chromosome 12 and is expressed in various tissues, including the buccal mucosa, visceral pleura, and gingival epithelium . The enzyme’s role in DNA repair and demethylation makes it a critical player in cellular defense against genetic mutations caused by the spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine and cytosine .
The mouse anti-human TDG antibody is a monoclonal antibody that is used in various research applications to study the function and regulation of TDG. This antibody is specifically designed to recognize and bind to human TDG, allowing researchers to investigate its expression, localization, and activity in different cellular contexts. The use of mouse anti-human TDG antibodies has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the enzyme’s role in DNA repair and epigenetic regulation.
