SULT2A1 Human
Description
SULT2A1 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
The Sulfotransferase Family, Cytosolic, 2A, Member 1 (SULT2A1) is a crucial enzyme in the human body, playing a significant role in the metabolism of various endogenous and exogenous compounds. This enzyme belongs to the sulfotransferase family, which is responsible for the sulfonation process, a critical phase II metabolic reaction.
The SULT2A1 gene is located on chromosome 19 and encodes a protein that is approximately 285 amino acids long . The protein structure includes a highly conserved sulfotransferase domain, which is essential for its enzymatic activity. The enzyme utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as a sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of a sulfonate group to various substrates .
SULT2A1 primarily catalyzes the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands . This process increases the water solubility of these compounds, facilitating their excretion from the body. The enzyme is known to act on a wide range of substrates, including pregnenolone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), bile acids, and cholesterol . Additionally, SULT2A1 can sulfonate various xenobiotics, including drugs and environmental chemicals, aiding in their detoxification .
The sulfonation process mediated by SULT2A1 is vital for maintaining hormonal balance and detoxifying harmful substances. In the liver, SULT2A1 helps in the metabolism of bile acids, which are crucial for digestion and absorption of dietary fats . In the adrenal glands, the enzyme is involved in the metabolism of adrenal steroids, playing a role in the regulation of androgen levels .
Alterations in the activity of SULT2A1 have been associated with various diseases. For instance, reduced activity of this enzyme has been linked to inherited adrenal androgen excess in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) . Additionally, polymorphisms in the SULT2A1 gene may influence an individual’s response to certain drugs and susceptibility to diseases .
Human recombinant SULT2A1 is widely used in research to study the metabolism of steroids and other compounds. It is also utilized in drug development to understand the sulfonation pathways of new pharmaceutical compounds . The enzyme’s ability to sulfonate a broad range of substrates makes it a valuable tool in biochemical and pharmacological studies.
