SULT1A2 Human

The Sulfotransferase Family, Cytosolic, 1A, Member 2 (SULT1A2) is a protein-coding gene that belongs to the sulfotransferase family. These enzymes play a crucial role in the sulfate conjugation of various hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. The SULT1A2 gene encodes one of the phenol sulfotransferases with thermostable enzyme activity .

The gene structure of SULT1A2, including the number and length of exons, is similar among family members. This gene is expressed in various tissues, and its expression is regulated by different factors. Two alternatively spliced variants that encode the same protein have been described .

SULT1A2 utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as a sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of catecholamines, phenolic drugs, and neurotransmitters. This enzyme is also responsible for the sulfonation and activation of minoxidil, a drug used for hair growth. Additionally, SULT1A2 mediates the metabolic activation of carcinogenic N-hydroxyarylamines to DNA-binding products, potentially modulating cancer risk .

Diseases associated with SULT1A2 include dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor and non-syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 100. The enzyme’s activity and expression levels can vary among individuals, influencing the metabolism of drugs and other compounds .

SULT1A2 is involved in several metabolic pathways, including the biotransformation of small molecules and the cytosolic sulfonation of various compounds. These pathways are essential for the detoxification and metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances .

Human recombinant SULT1A2 is used in various research and industrial applications to study its role in drug metabolism, hormone regulation, and potential implications in cancer research. The recombinant form allows for controlled studies and the development of assays to measure enzyme activity and substrate specificity .