SSBP1 Human, His

Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein 1 (SSBP1) is a crucial protein involved in various cellular processes, particularly those related to DNA metabolism. This protein is essential for the protection, metabolism, and processing of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The human recombinant version of SSBP1, tagged with a His (histidine) tag, is widely used in research to study its function and interactions.

SSBP1 binds preferentially and cooperatively to pyrimidine-rich single-stranded DNA. This binding is crucial for maintaining the stability of ssDNA intermediates formed during replication, recombination, and repair reactions . The His tag attached to the recombinant version of SSBP1 facilitates its purification and detection in experimental settings.

During DNA replication, SSBP1 stabilizes the unwound DNA strands, preventing them from re-annealing or forming secondary structures. This stabilization is vital for the replication machinery to synthesize new DNA strands accurately. SSBP1 also interacts with various genome maintenance proteins, stimulating their enzymatic activities and ensuring proper cellular localization .

In the context of DNA repair, SSBP1 plays a significant role in the repair of DNA damage. It binds to ssDNA regions exposed during the repair process, protecting them from degradation and facilitating the recruitment of other repair proteins .

SSBP1 is also involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, including the replication and maintenance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It stimulates the activity of replisome components such as POLG and TWNK at the replication fork, ensuring the accurate replication of mtDNA . This function is critical for maintaining mitochondrial function and energy production in cells.

Mutations or dysregulation of SSBP1 have been associated with various diseases, including optic atrophy and cone-rod dystrophy. These conditions highlight the importance of SSBP1 in maintaining genome stability and proper cellular function .