The Secreted LY6/PLAUR Domain Containing 1 Dimer, also known as SLURP1, is a protein encoded by the SLURP1 gene. This protein is a member of the Ly6/uPAR family, which is characterized by a distinct disulfide bridge pattern that creates the three-finger Ly6/uPAR (LU) domain . The SLURP1 protein is secreted and lacks a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchoring signal sequence .
SLURP1 is known for its antitumor activity and is implicated in maintaining the physiological and structural integrity of the keratinocyte layers of the skin . It down-regulates keratinocyte proliferation in vitro and may act as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activity . Additionally, SLURP1 inhibits alpha-7-dependent nAChR currents in an allosteric manner . In T cells, it may be involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium signaling . The protein also seems to have an immunomodulatory function in the cornea .
The SLURP1 gene is located in a chromosomal region that includes several members of the Ly6/uPAR family of glycoprotein receptors . The genes encoding Ly6/uPAR family proteins are conserved across different species and are clustered in syntenic regions on human chromosomes 8, 19, 6, and 11 . The Ly6/uPAR family proteins share a common structure but have varying expression patterns and functions .
Mutations in the SLURP1 gene have been associated with Mal de Meleda, a rare autosomal recessive skin disorder . This disorder is characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma, which involves thickening of the skin on the palms and soles . The SLURP1 protein’s role in maintaining skin integrity highlights its importance in dermatological health.
Research on SLURP1 has revealed its potential as a marker of late differentiation of the skin . Its antitumor properties and involvement in modulating nAChRs make it a significant target for further studies in cancer research and neurobiology . The recombinant form of SLURP1 is used in various experimental setups to study its functions and potential therapeutic applications.