SIRPA Human
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
SIRPα was initially cloned as a substrate for Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) and SHP-2. These are cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatases, and SIRPα was initially termed SHPS-1 (SHP substrate-1) . It was also named as brain immunoglobulin (Ig)-like molecule with tyrosine-based activation motifs (BIT), macrophage fusion receptor (MFR), and MyD-1 .
The extracellular region of SIRPα consists of three immunoglobulin-like domains, while the cytoplasmic region comprises tyrosine residues with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). These motifs activate SHP-1 and SHP-2, mediating the specific biological functions of SIRPα .
SIRPα acts as an inhibitory receptor and interacts with a broadly expressed transmembrane protein called CD47, also known as the “don’t eat me” signal . This interaction plays a crucial role in preventing the phagocytosis of healthy cells by macrophages. Additionally, SIRPα binds to lung surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D, which are thought to play protective roles against bacterial infections .
SIRPα is involved in various biological processes, including:
SIRPα is especially expressed on neurons, pancreatic β cells, and myeloid lineage cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Other cell types, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells, also express SIRPα, but at lower levels .
The recombinant form of SIRPα (Human Recombinant) is used in various research and clinical applications to study its role in immune regulation and potential therapeutic targets for diseases involving immune dysregulation .
