SEPX1 Human
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Selenoprotein X 1 (SelX1) is a member of the selenoprotein family, which are proteins that incorporate selenium in the form of the amino acid selenocysteine. Selenium is an essential trace element known for its role in various biological processes, including antioxidant defense, thyroid hormone metabolism, and immune function .
Selenoprotein X 1 is characterized by the presence of a selenocysteine residue at its active site. This residue is encoded by the UGA codon, which typically signals the end of protein synthesis but is recoded to incorporate selenocysteine in selenoproteins. The unique properties of selenocysteine, including its high reactivity and ability to participate in redox reactions, contribute to the functional diversity of selenoproteins .
The exact biological function of Selenoprotein X 1 is still under investigation. However, like other selenoproteins, it is believed to play a role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. Selenoproteins are known to be involved in redox homeostasis, and their antioxidant properties help mitigate the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals .
The expression of Selenoprotein X 1, like other selenoproteins, is regulated by selenium availability. In conditions of selenium deficiency, the synthesis of selenoproteins is prioritized based on their importance to cellular function. This hierarchical regulation ensures that essential selenoproteins are synthesized even when selenium levels are low .
Human recombinant Selenoprotein X 1 is produced using recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the gene encoding SelX1 into a suitable expression system, such as bacteria or yeast, which then produces the protein. Recombinant production allows for the study of SelX1 in vitro and facilitates research into its structure, function, and potential therapeutic applications .
Research into Selenoprotein X 1 and other selenoproteins holds promise for various medical applications. Understanding the role of SelX1 in redox biology and its potential protective effects against oxidative stress could lead to new therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with oxidative damage, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer .
