SARS Nucleocapsid Polyclonal
SARS-Nucleocapsid protein, Polyclonal Antibody
Cat. No.
BT4830
Source
Synonyms
Appearance
Purity
Usage
Prospec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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In Stock 
Description
Product Specs
Introduction
SARS Coronavirus, the cause of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), is an enveloped virus with three main outer structural proteins: membrane (M), envelope (E), and spike (S) proteins. The spike (S) glycoprotein plays a crucial role in the virus's ability to infect cells. It binds to a receptor on the host cell surface, mediating the fusion of the viral and cellular membranes, allowing the virus to enter. This makes the S protein a key target for neutralizing antibodies. Human coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, are a significant cause of respiratory illnesses in humans, including the common cold. These viruses have a single strand of positive-sense RNA, and their genomes are among the largest known for RNA viruses, ranging from 27,000 to 31,000 nucleotides. The infection process begins when the virus's spike protein, a large protein with a molecular weight of 139 kDa, attaches to specific receptors on the surface of host cells. This spike protein is the primary target recognized by the host's immune system. When SARS-CoV infects cells in culture, a 46 kDa nucleocapsid protein is the most abundant protein found. This suggests it's a major antigen, potentially useful for early diagnosis of SARS.
Formulation
1 mg/ml in PBS with 0.02% sodium azide.
Applications
This product can be used for various applications with the following dilutions: Western Blot (1:100-1:2000), Immunohistochemistry (not specified), Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence (1:10-1:500).
Stability
For short-term storage, the product remains stable for 2 weeks at 4°C. For long-term storage, store at -20°C.
Type
Polyclonal Rabbit Antibody.
Immunogen
The antibody was developed by immunizing rabbits with synthetic peptides corresponding to amino a.a. 399-411 of putative SARS nucleocapsid (Genbank accession no. YP_009724397.2).
Isotype
Rabbit IgG.
Product Science Overview
SARS-Nucleocapsid Protein
The SARS-Nucleocapsid (N) protein is a structural protein found in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. This protein plays a crucial role in the virus’s life cycle, particularly in the assembly and packaging of the viral genome.
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Structure and Function:
- The N protein is a phosphoprotein that binds to the viral RNA genome, forming a ribonucleoprotein complex essential for the virus’s replication and transcription processes .
- It is one of the most abundant proteins in the virion, making it a significant target for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes .
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Role in Viral Assembly:
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Immune Response:
- The N protein is highly immunogenic, meaning it can elicit a strong immune response in the host. This property makes it a valuable target for the development of diagnostic assays and vaccines .
- It has been shown to suppress the host’s immune response, aiding the virus in evading detection and promoting infection .
Polyclonal Antibody
Polyclonal antibodies are a mixture of antibodies produced by different B cell clones in the body. They recognize and bind to multiple epitopes on a single antigen, providing a robust and versatile tool for research and diagnostic applications.
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Production:
- Polyclonal antibodies are typically produced by immunizing animals, such as rabbits or goats, with an antigen. In this case, the antigen is a synthetic peptide corresponding to a specific region of the SARS-Nucleocapsid protein .
- The immune system of the animal generates a diverse array of antibodies against different epitopes of the antigen. These antibodies are then collected from the animal’s serum and purified using techniques like peptide affinity chromatography .
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Applications:
- Western Blotting: Polyclonal antibodies are widely used in Western blotting to detect specific proteins in a sample. They provide high sensitivity and can recognize multiple epitopes, increasing the likelihood of detecting the target protein .
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC): These antibodies are used in IHC to visualize the distribution and localization of proteins within tissue sections. Their ability to bind multiple epitopes enhances signal strength and specificity .
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): Polyclonal antibodies are employed in ELISA to quantify the presence of antigens in a sample. Their broad reactivity ensures robust detection .
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Advantages and Limitations:
- Advantages: Polyclonal antibodies are relatively easy and cost-effective to produce. They offer high sensitivity and can recognize multiple epitopes, making them versatile for various applications .
- Limitations: The heterogeneity of polyclonal antibodies can lead to batch-to-batch variability. Additionally, their broad reactivity may result in cross-reactivity with non-target proteins, potentially affecting specificity .
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