RBP4 Human

RBP4 is synthesized primarily in the liver, where it binds to retinol to form a complex. This complex then associates with another protein called transthyretin (TTR), which prevents its loss through kidney filtration . The RBP4-retinol-TTR complex circulates in the bloodstream, delivering retinol to various tissues by binding to specific membrane receptors .

Vitamin A is essential for numerous physiological processes, including vision, immune function, reproduction, and cellular growth and differentiation . The active metabolite of vitamin A, all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), acts as a high-affinity ligand for retinoic acid receptors (RARs), which are nuclear receptors that regulate gene expression . Additionally, 11-cis retinaldehyde, another metabolite of vitamin A, is crucial for the visual cycle in the retina .

Recombinant human RBP4 is produced using genetic engineering techniques, where the human RBP4 gene is inserted into a host organism, such as bacteria or yeast, to produce the protein in large quantities . This recombinant protein is used in various research and clinical applications, including studies on retinoid homeostasis and the development of therapies for diseases related to vitamin A deficiency .

RBP4 has been implicated in several human diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases . Elevated levels of RBP4 have been associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome . Understanding the role of RBP4 in these conditions can help in developing targeted therapies to manage and treat these diseases .