PLA2G10 Human

Secreted Phospholipase A2-X (sPLA2-X) is a member of the secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) family, which consists of low molecular weight, calcium-dependent enzymes. These enzymes are known for their ability to hydrolyze the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids, resulting in the production of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids .

sPLA2-X, like other members of the sPLA2 family, contains a conserved His-Asp catalytic dyad essential for its enzymatic activity . This enzyme is unique due to its specific localization and distinct enzymatic properties, which suggest specialized biological roles . sPLA2-X is involved in the metabolism of phospholipids, playing a crucial role in the production of bioactive lipid mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes .

Historically, sPLA2 enzymes have been implicated in various biological processes, including inflammation and atherosclerosis . sPLA2-X, in particular, has been shown to promote inflammation by catalyzing the first step of the arachidonic acid pathway, leading to the formation of inflammatory and thrombogenic molecules . Recent studies using transgenic and knockout mouse models have revealed the distinct roles of sPLA2-X in various biological events, including metabolic disorders such as obesity, hepatic steatosis, diabetes, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue inflammation .

sPLA2-X is expressed in various tissues, including the pancreas, spleen, and lungs . Its expression is regulated by different physiological and pathological conditions, highlighting its importance in maintaining homeostasis and responding to inflammatory stimuli .

Human recombinant sPLA2-X is produced using advanced biotechnological methods to ensure high purity and activity. This recombinant enzyme is widely used in research to study its biological functions and potential therapeutic applications. By understanding the mechanisms of sPLA2-X, researchers aim to develop novel treatments for inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders .