LY6G6F Human

Lymphocyte Antigen 6 Complex Locus G6F (LY6G6F) is a type I transmembrane protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. This protein is involved in the immune system and cellular recognition processes . It plays a significant role in downstream signal transduction pathways involving GRB2 and GRB7 .

The LY6G6F protein is encoded in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6. It is a 32-kDa single-pass type I membrane protein with an extracellular domain that is 281 amino acids in length. This domain contains one disulfide bond (C35 ↔ C106) and an N-linked glycosylation site at S88 .

LY6G6F is primarily expressed in myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, and neutrophils. These cells are crucial components of the innate immune response. The protein is transiently expressed during monocyte development and retained in mature granulocytes and peripheral blood neutrophils . LY6G6F plays a vital role in neutrophil infiltration, recruitment, and migration .

Recent studies have highlighted the importance of LY6G6F in colorectal cancer (CRC) and immune aging. LY6G6F is highly expressed in primary and metastatic CRC tissues compared to normal colorectal tissues. Its high expression is associated with increased infiltration of immunosuppressive cells and reduced CD8+ T lymphocytes in CRC . Additionally, LY6G6F-positive CRC cells can suppress T cell proliferation through the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) .

The modulation of LY6G6F expression through pathways such as p38α MAPK and DNA methylation has been studied in CRC. Inhibition of p38α MAPK or depletion of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) can reduce LY6G6F expression, potentially enhancing the efficacy of CRC treatments . LY6G6F’s role in immune regulation and cancer progression makes it a promising target for therapeutic interventions.