LDHB

LDHB is one of the isoforms of lactate dehydrogenase, which exists as a tetramer composed of different combinations of two subunits: LDHA and LDHB. The B isoform is predominantly found in the heart and red blood cells, where it facilitates the conversion of lactate to pyruvate, a key step in the Cori cycle. This cycle is vital for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body.

Recombinant LDHB is produced using genetic engineering techniques. The gene encoding LDHB is cloned into an expression vector, which is then introduced into a host organism, typically E. coli. The host cells are cultured, and the recombinant protein is expressed and subsequently purified. This method allows for the production of large quantities of LDHB with high purity and activity .

Recombinant LDHB has several applications in research and clinical diagnostics:

1. Cancer Research: LDHB is a marker for certain types of cancer. Its expression levels can provide insights into the metabolic state of cancer cells, which often exhibit altered glycolysis pathways.
2. Cardiac Health: Given its abundance in the heart, LDHB levels can be indicative of cardiac health and are used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
3. Biochemical Studies: LDHB is used in various biochemical assays to study enzyme kinetics and metabolic pathways.

The altered metabolism in cancer cells, known as the Warburg effect, often involves a shift to aerobic glycolysis with increased lactate production. LDHB plays a significant role in this process, making it a valuable target for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics .