KIR2DL1 Antibody

Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor 2 Domains Long Cytoplasmic Tail 1, Mouse Anti Human
Cat. No.
BT21802
Source
Synonyms
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1, MHC class I NK cell receptor, Natural killer-associated transcript 1, NKAT-1, p58 natural killer cell receptor clones CL-42/47.11, p58 NK receptor, p58.1 MHC class-I-specific NK receptor, CD158 antigen-like family member A, CD158a antigen, KIR2DL1, CD158A, NKAT1, NKAT, p58.1, KIR221, KIR-K64.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

Product Specs

Introduction
Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are a family of cell surface glycoproteins found on Natural Killer (NK) cells, which are essential components of the immune system. These receptors play a critical role in regulating the cytotoxic activity of NK cells by interacting with MHC class I molecules present on most cell surfaces. This interaction enables them to detect virally infected or tumor cells characterized by an abnormally low expression of Class I MHC. The majority of KIRs are inhibitory, implying that their recognition of MHC molecules suppresses the cytotoxic activity of their respective NK cells. Conversely, only a limited number of KIRs possess the ability to activate cells. The genes encoding KIRs are clustered on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). Notably, KIR molecules exhibit significant polymorphism, meaning their gene sequences vary widely among individuals, resulting in diverse arrays or repertoires of KIR genes within the population. KIR proteins are categorized based on the number of extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains they possess, either two or three, and by the length of their cytoplasmic tail, which can be either long (L) or short (S).
Physical Appearance
A clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Formulation
The antibody solution has a concentration of 1mg/ml and is prepared in a buffer solution consisting of PBS with a pH of 7.4 and 0.1% Sodium Azide.
Storage Procedures
For storage periods of up to one month, maintain the product at a temperature of 4°C. For prolonged storage, store at -20°C. Avoid repeated cycles of freezing and thawing.
Stability / Shelf Life
The product remains stable for a period of 12 months when stored at -20°C and for 1 month when stored at 4°C.
Applications
KIR2DL1 antibody has undergone rigorous testing in ELISA, Western blot, and immunoprecipitation analyses to confirm its specificity and reactivity. However, it is crucial to optimize the reagent concentration for each specific application to achieve optimal results. For Western blot analysis, the recommended dilution range is 1:500 to 1:2,000, with a starting dilution of 1:500 suggested.
Synonyms
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1, MHC class I NK cell receptor, Natural killer-associated transcript 1, NKAT-1, p58 natural killer cell receptor clones CL-42/47.11, p58 NK receptor, p58.1 MHC class-I-specific NK receptor, CD158 antigen-like family member A, CD158a antigen, KIR2DL1, CD158A, NKAT1, NKAT, p58.1, KIR221, KIR-K64.
Purification Method
KIR2DL1 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Clone
P2F9AT.
Immunogen
Anti-human KIR2DL1 mAb is derived from hybridization of mouse SP2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant human KIR2DL1 amino acids 23-223 purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2a heavy chain and κ light chain.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors (KIRs) are a family of receptors expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells and some T cells. These receptors play a crucial role in the regulation of the immune response by recognizing specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. Among these receptors, KIR2DL1 is particularly notable for its structure and function.

Structure of KIR2DL1

KIR2DL1, also known as CD158a, is a type I transmembrane protein. It is composed of:

  • A 21-amino acid signal peptide
  • An extracellular region containing two C2-type immunoglobulin-like domains
  • Five potential N-linked glycosylation sites
  • A 19-amino acid hydrophobic transmembrane region
  • An 84-amino acid long cytoplasmic domain

The cytoplasmic domain of KIR2DL1 contains two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), which are crucial for its inhibitory function .

Function of KIR2DL1

KIR2DL1 is an inhibitory receptor that recognizes specific HLA-C molecules. Upon binding to its ligand, KIR2DL1 transmits an inhibitory signal to the NK cell, preventing it from killing the target cell. This mechanism is essential for maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmunity .

Cloning and Expression

KIR2DL1 was first cloned and characterized in the mid-1990s. Researchers used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with degenerate oligonucleotide primers to amplify cDNA from NK cell libraries. The resulting cDNA encoded a protein with the structure described above .

Gene Family

KIR2DL1 is part of a larger family of KIR genes located on chromosome 19q13.42. This family includes both inhibitory and activating receptors, which together regulate the activity of NK cells. The KIR gene family is highly polymorphic, with multiple alleles and haplotypes contributing to the diversity of NK cell responses in different individuals .

Mouse Anti-Human KIR2DL1

Mouse anti-human KIR2DL1 antibodies are used in research to study the expression and function of KIR2DL1 on human NK cells. These antibodies can be used in various applications, including flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry. By targeting KIR2DL1, researchers can investigate its role in immune regulation and its potential implications in diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders .

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