Introduction
Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a human, single-stranded RNA retrovirus that causes T-cell leukemia and T-cell lymphoma. The virus activates a subset of T-helper cells called Th1 cells. This activation leads to the proliferation of Th1 cells and an overproduction of Th1-related cytokines, primarily IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Consequently, feedback mechanisms from these cytokines suppress Th2 lymphocytes and reduce Th2 cytokine production, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13. This imbalance ultimately impairs the infected host's ability to mount an adequate immune response against invading organisms that depend on a predominantly Th2 response. Such responses are crucial for combating parasitic infections and producing mucosal and humoral antibodies. HTLV-1 p24, often used for clinical diagnosis, forms both monomers and dimers on SDS-PAGE gels, with the majority existing as dimers.
Description
Recombinantly produced in E. coli, HTLV-1 p24 encompasses the full length of the HTLV-1 p24 protein. It consists of 188 amino acids, resulting in a molecular size of 21 kDa. The purification process for HTLV-1 p24 involves a proprietary chromatographic technique.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Formulation
HTLV-1 p24 protein solution in PBS, pH 7.4.
Stability
For optimal storage, HTLV-1 p24 should be kept below -18°C. While it remains stable at 4°C for up to one week, repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
Purity
Protein purity is greater than 95%, as determined by 12% SDS-PAGE analysis with Coomassie staining.