HTLV-1 gp46 mosaic

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) is a single-stranded RNA retrovirus that primarily infects T-helper cells, leading to conditions such as T-cell leukemia and T-cell lymphoma . The virus activates a subset of T-helper cells known as Th1 cells, resulting in their proliferation and the overproduction of Th1-related cytokines, including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) . This overproduction suppresses Th2 lymphocytes and reduces Th2 cytokine production, which can impair the host’s immune response to certain infections .

HTLV-I gp46 is a major envelope glycoprotein of the virus and serves as a critical target for neutralizing antibodies and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) . The gp46 protein contains immunodominant regions that are essential for the virus’s ability to infect host cells .

The recombinant HTLV-I gp46 mosaic protein is derived from E. coli and includes the immunodominant regions of the gp46 protein, specifically amino acids 162-214 and 242-257 . This recombinant protein has a molecular weight of approximately 39 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE . The protein is formulated with 10 mM sodium phosphate (pH 6.0), 0.1% SDS, 1 mM DTT, and 1 mM EDTA .

The recombinant HTLV-I gp46 mosaic protein is primarily used as an antigen in ELISA and Western Blot assays to detect HTLV-I infections . It is highly pure, with a purity level greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC . The protein is stable at 4°C for one week but should be stored below -18°C to prevent freeze-thaw cycles .