HTATIP2 Human
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
HTATIP2 was initially identified as a protein that interacts with the HIV-1 Tat protein, a crucial regulatory protein for HIV-1 replication . The Tat protein is essential for the transcriptional activation of the HIV-1 genome, and its interaction with host cellular proteins like HTATIP2 is vital for its function .
HTATIP2 is known to function as a tumor suppressor. It exerts its pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic activities by regulating the expression of a subset of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, as well as metastasis suppressor genes . This regulation is crucial in controlling cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis, making HTATIP2 a significant player in cancer biology.
HTATIP2 is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, with higher expression levels observed in the liver, heart, and skeletal muscles . Its expression is tightly regulated, and alterations in its expression levels have been associated with various pathological conditions, including cancer and viral infections.
HTATIP2 interacts with several cellular proteins and pathways to exert its biological effects. One of its primary modes of action is through its interaction with the HIV-1 Tat protein. This interaction is crucial for the transcriptional regulation of the HIV-1 genome, as HTATIP2 helps recruit the positive transcriptional elongation factor (P-TEFb) onto the nascent viral TAR RNA, overcoming the elongation pause and activating transcription of the entire viral genome .
The expression and activity of HTATIP2 are regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modifications. Various signaling pathways, such as the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, have been shown to regulate HTATIP2 expression . Additionally, HTATIP2 itself can regulate the expression of other genes, creating a complex regulatory network that ensures proper cellular function.
HTATIP2’s role as a tumor suppressor makes it a potential target for cancer therapy. Its ability to regulate apoptosis and metastasis suggests that modulating its activity could help control tumor growth and spread. Furthermore, its interaction with the HIV-1 Tat protein highlights its importance in viral infections, making it a potential target for antiviral therapies.
