HSV1 gD Antibody
Description
Product Specs
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) enters host cells through a multi-step process mediated by interactions between viral glycoproteins and cell surface receptors. Specific receptors on the host cell membrane bind to viral glycoproteins, facilitating the virus's attachment and entry. This interaction leads to the formation of pores in the cell membrane, allowing for viral entry. The entry process involves several stages, similar to other enveloped viruses. First, the virus attaches to the host cell through the binding of viral envelope proteins to specific receptors on the cell surface. This binding triggers a conformational change in the viral envelope, leading to the fusion of the viral and cellular membranes (hemifusion). This fusion creates a pore, or fusion pore, through which the viral capsid and genome enter the host cell.
The antibody is supplied in a solution containing 1 milligram per milliliter of antibody in a phosphate-buffered saline solution at a pH of 7.2. The solution also contains 0.01% sodium azide as a preservative.
For short-term storage (2-4 weeks), the antibody can be stored at 4 degrees Celsius. For long-term storage, it is recommended to store the antibody in a frozen state at -20 degrees Celsius. Repeated freezing and thawing of the antibody should be avoided to maintain its stability and activity.
HSV-1 gD antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by Protein-A chromatography.
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Monoclonal anti HSV-1 gD IgG1 produced against a HSV-1 viral concentrate.
Product Science Overview
Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common virus that causes cold sores and other infections. One of the critical components of HSV-1 is glycoprotein D (gD), which plays a crucial role in the virus’s ability to enter host cells. Glycoprotein D is a complex antigen with multiple antigenic epitopes, making it a primary immunogen that stimulates the generation of neutralizing antibodies .
Structure and Function:
- Binding to Receptors: HSV-1 gD binds to specific cell surface receptors, such as nectin-1 and herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), to trigger membrane fusion during viral entry . This binding is essential for the virus to infect host cells.
- Immune Response: The gD protein sequences of HSV-1 and HSV-2 are approximately 80% homologous, allowing for cross-reactivity in immune responses . The immune system recognizes gD and produces antibodies to neutralize the virus.
- Research and Applications: Understanding the structure and function of gD has led to significant advancements in developing vaccines and antiviral therapies. For example, the structure of gD bound to nectin-1 has been determined by x-ray crystallography, providing insights into how the virus disrupts normal cell interactions .
Mouse anti-human antibodies are secondary antibodies generated by immunizing mice with human immunoglobulins. These antibodies are widely used in research and diagnostic applications due to their specificity and versatility.
Production and Characteristics:
- Immunization and Purification: Mice are immunized with human immunoglobulins, and the resulting antibodies are purified using techniques such as immunoaffinity chromatography . These antibodies can be further modified, such as through label conjugation, to enhance their utility in various assays.
- Applications: Mouse anti-human antibodies are used in a range of applications, including ELISA, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry . They are particularly valuable in detecting, sorting, or purifying human proteins.
- HAMA Response: One potential issue with using mouse antibodies in humans is the development of Human Anti-Mouse Antibodies (HAMA), which can lead to allergic reactions ranging from mild rashes to severe responses like kidney failure .
