HIV-1 TAT Clade-B, Biotin
Description
HIV-1 TAT Clade-B Biotin Recombinant- produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 86 amino acids encoded by two exons and having chain having a molecular mass of 14kDa and was biotinylated with NHS biotin.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
The HIV-1 TAT (Trans-Activator of Transcription) protein is a crucial regulatory protein in the lifecycle of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1). It plays a significant role in enhancing the efficiency of viral transcription, thereby promoting viral replication and persistence. The TAT protein from Clade B, one of the most prevalent HIV-1 subtypes in North America and Europe, has been extensively studied for its unique properties and potential applications in research and therapeutic interventions.
The TAT protein is composed of 86 to 101 amino acids, depending on the viral strain. It contains several functional domains, including:
- Activation Domain: Located at the N-terminus, this domain is responsible for transactivation of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter.
- Basic Domain: Rich in arginine and lysine residues, this domain facilitates the binding of TAT to the TAR (Trans-Activation Response) RNA element, a critical step for transcriptional activation.
- Cysteine-Rich Domain: This domain is involved in the formation of disulfide bonds, which are essential for the protein’s structural stability and function.
Biotin labeling of the HIV-1 TAT Clade-B recombinant protein involves the covalent attachment of biotin molecules to the protein. Biotin is a small molecule that can be easily detected and quantified using various biochemical assays. The biotinylation of TAT protein enhances its utility in several applications:
- Affinity Purification: Biotinylated TAT can be captured using streptavidin-coated beads, allowing for efficient purification from complex mixtures.
- Protein-Protein Interaction Studies: The biotin label enables the detection and analysis of TAT interactions with other cellular or viral proteins.
- Immunoassays: Biotinylated TAT can be used as a probe in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to detect antibodies or other binding partners.
The recombinant HIV-1 TAT Clade-B protein, especially when biotin-labeled, is a valuable tool in HIV research. It has been utilized in various studies to:
- Investigate HIV Pathogenesis: Understanding the role of TAT in viral replication and its interactions with host cellular machinery.
- Develop Therapeutic Strategies: Exploring the potential of TAT as a target for antiretroviral therapies and vaccines.
- Study Neurotoxicity: Examining the neurotoxic effects of TAT, which contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).
