The core catalytic domain of the HAD superfamily, including HDHD3, features a three-layered α/β sandwich structure. This structure consists of repetitive β-α units, adopting the topology typical of the Rossmanoid class of α/β fold . The HDHD3 gene is located on chromosome 9 and is involved in hydrolase activity, which is crucial for various biological processes .
HDHD3 plays a significant role in several cellular functions. It is involved in the regulation of protein translocation within mitochondria and abscisic acid-responsive transcription . The gene’s hydrolase activity is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to environmental stressors.
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of HDHD3 in various biological contexts. For instance, overexpression of a related HAD superfamily member, OsHAD3, in rice has been shown to affect drought tolerance by altering the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde . This suggests that HDHD3 and its homologs could be potential targets for genetic engineering to improve stress tolerance in crops.
In the context of human health, HDHD3’s role in hydrolase activity makes it a potential candidate for research into metabolic disorders and other diseases where enzyme regulation is disrupted .