GPI Antibody

In the cytoplasm, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase functions as a glycolytic enzyme. However, it also has several extracellular roles. It acts as a neurotrophic factor known as neuroleukin, promoting the survival of motor and sensory neurons. Additionally, it functions as an autocrine motility factor, a tumor-secreted cytokine, and an angiogenic factor, stimulating endothelial cell motility .

Defects in the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase gene can lead to nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia, a condition characterized by the destruction of red blood cells. Severe enzyme deficiencies can be associated with hydrops fetalis, immediate neonatal death, and neurological impairment .

Mouse anti human antibodies targeting glucose-6-phosphate isomerase are used in various research and diagnostic applications. These antibodies can help in studying the enzyme’s role in different biological processes and diseases. For instance, in K/BxN mice, anti-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase antibodies are arthritogenic and can induce arthritis when transferred into naïve mice . This model is used to study the mechanisms of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Research involving glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and its antibodies has provided insights into various diseases and potential therapeutic targets. For example, studies have shown that immunization with recombinant human glucose-6-phosphate isomerase can induce chronic arthritis in mice, highlighting its role in autoimmune conditions . Additionally, the enzyme’s role as a neurotrophic factor and cytokine opens up possibilities for research into neurodegenerative diseases and cancer .