GPD1 Human

GPD1 is a cytosolic protein that, along with mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, forms part of the glycerol phosphate shuttle. This shuttle facilitates the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol to the mitochondria . The enzyme’s activity is essential for maintaining the redox potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is vital for various metabolic processes .

GPD1 serves as a significant link between carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism. By converting DHAP to G3P, it allows for the prompt dephosphorylation of G3P into glycerol, which is a key step in lipid biosynthesis . Additionally, GPD1 is involved in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, contributing electrons and thus playing a role in cellular energy production .

Mutations in the GPD1 gene can lead to metabolic disorders. One such condition is transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia, which is characterized by elevated levels of triglycerides in infants . Abnormal expression of GPD1 has also been implicated in various metabolic diseases and tumors . The enzyme’s role in the glycerol phosphate shuttle makes it a potential target for therapeutic strategies aimed at treating these conditions .

Research into GPD1 has provided insights into its functions and mechanisms, particularly its involvement in disease conditions . The recombinant form of human GPD1 is used in various biochemical studies to understand its structure, function, and potential as a therapeutic target. Studies have explored the enzyme’s role in cancer and other diseases, highlighting its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis .