GCP-2 Human

Granulocyte Chemotactic Protein 2 (GCP-2), also known as C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 6 (CXCL6), is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. This protein plays a crucial role in the immune system by acting as a chemoattractant for neutrophilic granulocytes. It is involved in various biological processes, including chemotaxis, angiogenesis, and antibacterial activity.

The gene encoding CXCL6 is located on human chromosome 4q13.3, within a cluster of other CXC chemokine genes . The protein itself is characterized by the presence of a CXC motif, which is a conserved sequence of amino acids that is critical for its function. The human recombinant form of CXCL6 is produced using recombinant DNA technology, allowing for the production of large quantities of the protein for research and therapeutic purposes.

CXCL6 is primarily known for its role in chemotaxis, the process by which cells move towards chemical signals. It specifically attracts neutrophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the body’s defense against infections . The chemotactic effect of CXCL6 is mediated through its interaction with chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 .

In addition to its chemotactic properties, CXCL6 has strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria . This antibacterial action is significantly higher compared to other related chemokines such as CXCL5 and CXCL7 . Furthermore, CXCL6 exhibits angiogenic properties, promoting the formation of new blood vessels, which is essential for wound healing and tissue repair .

The ability of CXCL6 to attract neutrophils and its potent antibacterial activity make it a critical component of the immune response. It has been implicated in various inflammatory conditions and infections. For instance, elevated levels of CXCL6 have been observed in conditions such as tonsillitis and certain types of adenomas . Its role in angiogenesis also suggests potential applications in promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration.

Human recombinant CXCL6 is widely used in research to study its functions and potential therapeutic applications. By using recombinant DNA technology, researchers can produce large quantities of CXCL6, enabling detailed studies on its role in immune responses, inflammation, and tissue repair. Additionally, recombinant CXCL6 can be used in therapeutic applications to enhance immune responses or promote healing in various clinical settings.