Fractalkine Human
Fractalkine Human Recombinant (CX3CL1)
Cat. No.
BT12318
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Fractalkine, CX3CL1, Neurotactin, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Small inducible cytokine D1, NTN, NTT, CXC3, CXC3C, SCYD1, ABCD-3, C3Xkine.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
Shipped with Ice Packs 
In Stock 
Description
Fractalkine Human Recombinant- produced in E.Coli is a single,non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 76 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 8638 Dalton.
The Fractalkine is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
The Fractalkine is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Introduction
Fractalkine exists in two forms: soluble and membrane-bound. The soluble form acts as a chemoattractant for T cells and monocytes, but not neutrophils, while the membrane-bound form facilitates the adhesion of these leukocytes to endothelial cells. This chemokine plays a crucial role in regulating leukocyte adhesion and migration at the endothelium by binding to the CX3CR1 receptor. Human Fractalkine is synthesized as a 373-amino acid protein, characterized by a mucin-like stalk and a chemokine domain. The mucin-like stalk enables its attachment to the cell surface. The gene encoding Fractalkine is located on human chromosome 16, in proximity to genes encoding CC chemokines CCL17 and CCL22.
Description
Recombinant Human Fractalkine, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 76 amino acids with a molecular weight of 8638 Daltons. The protein undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
White, lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder, sterile and filtered.
Formulation
CX3CL1 is lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution concentrated to 1.0 mg/ml in a buffer composed of 20mM Phosphate, pH 7.4, and 50mM NaCl.
Solubility
For reconstitution, it is recommended to dissolve the lyophilized CX3CL1 in sterile 18 MΩ-cm H2O to a concentration of at least 100 µg/ml. This solution can then be further diluted in other aqueous solutions as needed.
Stability
Lyophilized CX3CL1 remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. However, for long-term storage, it is recommended to store it desiccated at a temperature below -18°C. After reconstitution, CX3CL1 should be stored at 4°C for a period of 2-7 days. For extended storage, it is advisable to add a carrier protein such as HSA or BSA (0.1%). Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
Purity
Purity exceeds 97.0% as determined by the following methods:
(a) Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis.
(b) Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis.
(a) Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis.
(b) Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis.
Biological Activity
The biological activity of CX3CL1 is evaluated based on its capacity to induce chemotaxis in human T lymphocytes. This assessment is conducted using a concentration range of 5.0-10.0 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 100,000-200,000 IU/mg.
Synonyms
Fractalkine, CX3CL1, Neurotactin, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Small inducible cytokine D1, NTN, NTT, CXC3, CXC3C, SCYD1, ABCD-3, C3Xkine.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
QHHGVTKCNITCSKMTSKIPVALLIHYQQNQASCGKRAIILETRQHRLFCADPKEQW VKDAMQHLDRQAAALTRNG.
Product Science Overview
Structure and Characteristics
Fractalkine is distinct from other chemokines due to its structure. It is a type 1 membrane protein that contains a chemokine domain tethered on a long mucin-like stalk . This unique structure allows it to exist in two forms:
- Membrane-bound form: This form is involved in cell adhesion.
- Soluble form: This form is generated by proteolytic cleavage and acts as a chemoattractant.
Biological Functions
Fractalkine is involved in various biological processes, including:
- Cell adhesion: The membrane-bound form of fractalkine facilitates the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells.
- Chemoattraction: The soluble form acts as a chemoattractant for immune cells, particularly monocytes, T cells, and natural killer cells.
Role in Disease
Fractalkine has been implicated in several diseases due to its role in immune cell recruitment and adhesion. It is particularly relevant in:
- Inflammatory diseases: Fractalkine is involved in the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation.
- Cardiovascular diseases: It plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis by mediating the adhesion of monocytes to the endothelium.
- Neurological disorders: Fractalkine is also involved in neuroinflammation and has been studied in the context of diseases like multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease.
Recombinant Human Fractalkine (CX3CL1)
Recombinant human fractalkine is produced using various expression systems to study its functions and potential therapeutic applications. It is often used in research to understand its role in different biological processes and diseases. The recombinant protein is typically purified to high levels of purity and is available in both carrier-free and carrier-containing formulations .
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