Fractalkine Human, Sf9

Fractalkine (CX3CL1) Human Recombinant, Sf9
Cat. No.
BT12459
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Synonyms

Fractalkine, CX3CL1, Neurotactin, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Small inducible cytokine D1, NTN, NTT, CXC3, CXC3C, SCYD1, ABCD-3, C3Xkine.

Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

Fractalkine Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 323 amino acids (25-339aa) and having a molecular mass of 34.3kDa.
Fractalkine is fused to a 8 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Fractalkine is a chemokine protein that exists in both soluble and membrane-bound forms. The soluble form attracts immune cells like T-cells and monocytes but not neutrophils. The membrane-bound form helps these leukocytes stick to endothelial cells. It plays a crucial role in regulating leukocyte movement and binding to the endothelium. Fractalkine interacts with the CX3CR1 receptor. The gene responsible for Fractalkine production is found on human chromosome 16, alongside genes for chemokines CCL17 and CCL22.
Description
Recombinant Human Fractalkine, produced in Sf9 insect cells using a baculovirus expression system, is a single polypeptide chain with a glycosylation modification. It consists of 323 amino acids (specifically, residues 25-339) and has a molecular weight of 34.3 kDa. For purification purposes, an 8-amino acid Histidine tag is attached to the C-terminus. The protein is purified using proprietary chromatography techniques.
Physical Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Formulation
The Fractalkine solution is provided at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. It is formulated in a buffer containing 10% glycerol and Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4).
Stability
For short-term storage (up to 2-4 weeks), the product can be stored at 4°C. For extended storage, it is recommended to freeze the product at -20°C. To ensure optimal stability during long-term storage, consider adding a carrier protein such as 0.1% HSA or BSA. Repeated freezing and thawing should be avoided.
Purity
The purity of the protein is greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms

Fractalkine, CX3CL1, Neurotactin, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Small inducible cytokine D1, NTN, NTT, CXC3, CXC3C, SCYD1, ABCD-3, C3Xkine.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Amino Acid Sequence

QHHGVTKCNI TCSKMTSKIP VALLIHYQQN QASCGKRAII LETRQHRLFC ADPKEQWVKD
AMQHLDRQAA ALTRNGGTFE KQIGEVKPRT TPAAGGMDES VVLEPEATGE SSSLEPTPSS
QEAQRALGTS PELPTGVTGS SGTRLPPTPK AQDGGPVGTE LFRVPPVSTA ATWQSSAPHQ
PGPSLWAEAK TSEAPSTQDP STQASTASSP APEENAPSEG QRVWGQGQSP RPENSLEREE
MGPVPAHTDA FQDWGPGSMA HVSVVPVSSE GTPSREPVAS GSWTPKAEEP IHATMDPQRL GVLITPVPDA QAATRLEHHH HHH

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Fractalkine, also known as CX3CL1, is a unique chemokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is the only member of the CX3C chemokine family and is known for its dual functions: acting as both a potent chemotactic factor in its soluble form and an efficient cell adhesion molecule in its membrane-bound form .

Structure and Forms

Fractalkine is a large cytokine protein consisting of 373 amino acids. It contains multiple domains, including an extracellular NH2-terminal domain, a mucin-like stalk, a transmembrane α-helix, and a short cytoplasmic tail . The protein exists in two forms:

  1. Membrane-bound form: This form is anchored to the cell membrane and facilitates cell adhesion.
  2. Soluble form: Generated by limited proteolysis on the cell surface, this form acts as a chemotactic factor, attracting leukocytes to sites of inflammation .
Expression and Production

The recombinant human Fractalkine (CX3CL1) produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 323 amino acids (25-339aa) and has a molecular mass of 34.3 kDa. It is fused to an 8 amino acid His tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques .

Biological Functions

Fractalkine plays a significant role in the immune system by mediating the adhesion and migration of leukocytes. It is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including:

  • Immune Surveillance: Fractalkine helps in the trafficking of leukocytes, ensuring effective immune surveillance.
  • Inflammatory Response: It recruits leukocytes to sites of inflammation, aiding in the body’s defense mechanisms .
  • Neuroprotection: Recent studies suggest that Fractalkine can suppress the production of nitrous oxide, interleukin-6, and TNF-α in activated microglia and neuronal cells, indicating its role as an intrinsic inhibitor against neurotoxicity .
Clinical Relevance

Fractalkine is associated with the development of various diseases, including:

  • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Elevated levels of soluble Fractalkine have been detected in the serum of patients with RA .
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Higher levels of soluble Fractalkine are present in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuropsychiatric lupus .
  • Atherosclerosis: Fractalkine is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, contributing to the recruitment of leukocytes to atherosclerotic plaques .

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