ESAT6

Early Secretory Target Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT7373
Source
Baculovirus.
Synonyms
Early Secretory Target Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, ESAT-6.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
Prospec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. They may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

ESAT-6 Recombinant produced in Baculovirus is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 104 amino acids (1-95 a.a) having a total molecular mass of 11kDa.
The ESAT-6 fused to a 6 amino acid His-tag & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces an antigen called ESAT-6, found in low molecular weight fractions of its short-term culture filtrate. This antigen is readily detectable in tuberculosis patients and serves as a potent T-cell antigen. ESAT-6 export, along with related proteins, relies on a specific secretory system encoded by a set of genes. Interestingly, many of these genes also code for proteins recognized by T cells, suggesting that the ESAT-6 system acts as an immunogenicity island under selective pressure from the host's immune system. This antigen is notable for its numerous epitopes detectable in the serum of over 90% of tuberculosis patients. Research into ESAT-6 based vaccines highlights the critical role of adjuvant optimization, particularly when using dioctadecylammonium bromide and monophosphoryllipide. Recent studies suggest ESAT-6 holds strong potential as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing between mycobacterial infection and BCG vaccination. The primary applications of ESAT-6 lie in antibody production and the development of tuberculosis test systems.
Description
Recombinant ESAT-6, produced in Baculovirus, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 104 amino acids (with amino acids 1-95 being of particular interest). It has a molecular mass of 11kDa. The ESAT-6 is fused to a 6-amino acid His-tag and undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Formulation
The ESAT-6 protein solution is provided at a concentration of 0.5mg/ml. It is prepared in a buffer containing 20mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) and 10% glycerol.
Stability
For short-term storage (up to 4 weeks), the unopened vial should be kept at 4°C. For extended storage, it is recommended to freeze the solution at -20°C. Adding a carrier protein (either 0.1% HSA or BSA) is advisable for long-term storage. To maintain product integrity, avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Purity
Analysis by SDS-PAGE indicates a purity level exceeding 90%.
Synonyms
Early Secretory Target Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, ESAT-6.
Source
Baculovirus.
Amino Acid Sequence
ADPMTEQQWN FAGIEAAASA IQGNVTSIHS LLDEGKQSLT KLAAAWGGSG SEAYQGVQQK WDATATELNN ALQNLARTIS EAGQAMASTE GNVTGMFAHH HHHH.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

The Early Secretory Antigenic Target 6 kDa (ESAT-6) is a crucial protein produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (TB). ESAT-6 is a secretory protein and a potent T cell antigen, playing a significant role in the pathogenesis and immunopathology of TB .

Structure and Function

ESAT-6 is a small protein with a molecular weight of approximately 6 kDa. It is encoded by the esxA gene and is part of the ESX-1 secretion system, which is essential for the virulence of Mtb . ESAT-6 forms a complex with another protein, CFP-10 (Culture Filtrate Protein 10), and this complex is secreted by the bacterium to modulate the host immune response .

Role in Pathogenesis

ESAT-6 is a key virulence factor of Mtb. It has been shown to directly interact with the TLR2 receptor on macrophages, inhibiting downstream signal transduction and thus subverting the host’s immune response . This interaction helps Mtb to evade the immune system and establish infection. Additionally, ESAT-6 can disrupt the phagosomal membrane, allowing Mtb to escape into the cytosol of host cells .

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

Due to its strong antigenic properties, ESAT-6 is used in diagnostic tests for TB, such as the QuantiFERON-TB Gold test, which measures the release of interferon-gamma in response to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 . The recombinant form of ESAT-6, often combined with CFP-10, is also being explored for its potential in vaccine development and as a therapeutic target .

Research and Future Directions

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the detailed mechanisms by which ESAT-6 modulates the immune response and contributes to TB pathogenesis. Studies are also investigating the potential of ESAT-6 as a biomarker for TB diagnosis and as a component of new vaccines . The development of recombinant ESAT-6 proteins and their fusion with other antigens holds promise for improving TB diagnostics and therapeutics.

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<p><span lang="EN-US">Escherichia Coli.</span></p>
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