The elongator complex, including ELP4, is essential for multiple tRNA modifications, such as mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine) . These modifications are critical for the proper functioning of tRNA and, consequently, for protein synthesis.
ELP4 also plays a role in the formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs . This modification is vital for the accurate decoding of the genetic code during translation.
Research on ELP4 has provided insights into its role in transcriptional regulation and tRNA modification. The human recombinant form of ELP4 is used in various studies to understand its function and to develop potential therapeutic interventions for related genetic disorders.
In summary, ELP4 is a vital component of the elongator complex, playing a significant role in transcriptional elongation and tRNA modification. Its association with genetic disorders like Rolandic epilepsy highlights its importance in human health and disease .