DYNLL1 Human

Dynein Light Chain LC8 Type-1 (DYNLL1) is a protein encoded by the DYNLL1 gene in humans. It is a component of the cytoplasmic dynein complex, which is a motor protein complex responsible for the retrograde transport of vesicles and organelles along microtubules .

DYNLL1 is a small protein with a molecular weight of approximately 12.5 kDa . It is known for its role as a non-catalytic accessory component of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex. This complex is essential for intracellular transport and motility, linking dynein to cargos and adapter proteins that regulate dynein function .

DYNLL1 interacts with various proteins, including neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1), where it acts as an inhibitor. By binding to NOS1, DYNLL1 destabilizes the NOS1 dimer, a conformation necessary for its activity. This interaction suggests that DYNLL1 may regulate numerous biological processes through its effects on nitric oxide synthase activity .

DYNLL1 is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, with high expression levels in the testis and moderate expression in the brain . It is localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and secretory granules, and is part of the cytoplasmic dynein complex .

Recombinant human DYNLL1 protein, often fused to a His-tag at the N-terminus, is expressed in E. coli and purified using conventional chromatography techniques. The recombinant protein is used in various research applications to study its function and interactions .

Mutations or dysregulation of DYNLL1 have been associated with several diseases, including enterokinase deficiency and Bardet-Biedl syndrome . Its role in intracellular transport and nitric oxide synthase regulation makes it a critical protein for maintaining cellular homeostasis.