DKK1 Mouse

Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) is a member of the Dickkopf family of proteins, which are known for their role in modulating the Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt signaling pathway is crucial for various developmental processes, including embryogenesis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. DKK1, in particular, acts as an antagonist of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by isolating the LRP6 co-receptor, thereby preventing the activation of Wnt signaling .

DKK1 was first identified in Xenopus (a genus of aquatic frogs) as a head-inducing molecule. The name “Dickkopf” is derived from the German word for “thick head,” reflecting its role in head formation during embryonic development .

DKK1 is a secreted glycoprotein consisting of 255-350 amino acids. It contains two conserved cysteine-rich domains that are essential for its protein-protein interactions. These domains enable DKK1 to bind to the LRP5/6 co-receptors, thereby inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway .

In mice, DKK1 is involved in various developmental processes, including craniofacial development and limb formation. DKK1 mutant mice are embryonic-lethal, highlighting its critical role in early development .

DKK1 has garnered significant attention in the field of oncology due to its role in cancer progression. Elevated levels of DKK1 have been detected in the serum or tumors of patients with various types of cancers, often correlating with poor prognosis. DKK1 is known to modulate immune cell activities and contribute to the immunosuppressive cancer microenvironment, making it a promising target for cancer immunotherapy .

Recombinant mouse DKK1 is widely used in research to study its role in development and disease. It is commonly used in assays to measure DKK1 levels in mouse serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. These studies help in understanding the mechanisms by which DKK1 influences various biological processes and its potential as a therapeutic target .